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Israel has a long history of history, is the world's major religions, Judaism, Islam and Christianity. Jews upon branches of Ancient Semitic Hebrews. Israel was originally referred to a national and non-geographical names, the earliest available records appear in the 1211 years BC. In the past three thousand years of history, Jews regarded Israel as their own national and spiritual life of the Holy Land, called the "core" or "promised land". Israel in Judaism has special meanings, including the ruins of the temple and the associated religious ritual, are modern Judaism tradition. The Jews living in Egypt 430 years, about 1450 BC (13 th century b.c.) to leave Egypt moved back to Canaan (nowadays of Palestine), the eleventh century b.c. ancient Israel King David unified Jewish tribes, the establishment of the Kingdom of Israel, the transposition of Jerusalem. 10th century b.c., David's son, King Solomon, after splitting the two countries, North and South by the ten tribes of Israel and the southern Kingdom of Judah. 586 years BC, Babylon people attack in Jerusalem, the temple was burned down. After the reconstruction, a century b.c. by Herod to expansion, and in a.d. 70 years and 135 years destroyed by the Romans. The reign of the Roman Empire, most Jews expelled from Palestinian areas, dispersed throughout Europe, the temple has been unable to recover. Later, in the temple to break the wall of flattened on the construction of a fence, though is the Islamic holy places walls of a section of the Western Wall, but the Jews still cherish it, this section of the wall is considered road of Jews in Jerusalem Isaac cold cry wall symbol of faith and unity. It is said that the Romans occupied Jerusalem, Jewish people often gather here to cry. Since then thousands of years, often around the Jews to this cry for the sustenance of their landBut thus name crying wall. Jews are the primary means of Judah (one of the 12 tribes of Israel people) or people of the Kingdom of Judah. All the Jews would have been referred to as the Hebrews, the army occupied Palestine to cite family up to the Babylonian exile, also called Israel. After living in exile, only the original Kingdom of Judah, who remains national characteristics, the Kingdom of Israel in Northern BC 721 years after the Asian nation perishes and scattered in exile in the world, even the assimilation of other people, even the Chinese seal can be found Israel's religious Hall ruins. Therefore, the term refers only to the Jews used to be part of Kingdom of Judah. Experienced Assyria, Babylon, Persia, Greece, Rome, Byzantium and ancient rule, Jews in the area gradually fading and deportation, powder in the world, China has a synagogue in Kaifeng. Especially in 132 years a massive uprisings, the Roman Empire the Jews expelled from the region, the name changed to "Syria-Palestine" in an attempt to wipe out the Jews of the Millennium to connected with the land. Nevertheless, there is still a small part of the Jews remained in Palestine, but the main Jewish population shifted from Israel to the South of the North. Judaism's most important book of jingji took the mixi and the Talmud as it is during this period. A.d. 638 years Muslims captured from the Byzantine Empire in the region of the control, after several Muslim States ruled this region; including the Umayyads, dynasty, as well as drawing flowers thrust submodules and Mongolia, in 1260 to 1516 years ruled by Mamou Rooke, then in 1517, the Ottoman Empire, one of the provinces. Zionism and Jewish return several centuries, many exiled the Jews have been trying to return to Israel. 18th century will have few waves small return flows, from hundreds to thousands of people. In 1878, Petah tekfur Watts was the first large Jewish farm settlements. The first wave of mass of regression is started in 1881, the diaspora in other parts of the world in order to escape persecution of Jews began to return to Palestine, the land of the ancient Jewish State. Jews from the Ottoman Empire and the purchase of land in the hands of Arabs and settlement. With the proliferation of Jewish residents, their relationship with the Arabs are becoming increasingly strained. In 1896, Vienna correspondent and playwright Theodore �� Hecl launched Zionism movement (also known as the "Zionist movement"), called for the return of Jews throughout the world, to restore this national home and way of life. In 1897, 29 August in Switzerland Basel, he convened the first session of the "world Zionism", General Assembly resolution to establish "a public recognition, legal protection for homes (or country)". "The Jewish National Fund" and "the Palestinian land development company" and other appropriate agencies set up to help the world of Jewish immigration to Palestine. Zionism movement promoting the second wave of reunification (1904-1914), about 40 000 Jews returned. In 1917, the United Kingdom Minister for Belfort released the Belfort Declaration: "HMG in favour of the establishment in Palestine of a Jewish national State, and will do its utmost to achieve." 1920, the League of Nations entrusted jurisdictional Palestine. United Kingdom 1922 United Kingdom will trust is divided into two parts: Eastern (now Jordan) as Arabs residence, a Jewish neighborhood in the West. After the first world war, the Jews was the third and fourth wave of reunification. In 1929 the outbreak of the Palestinian uprising, Arabs killed 133 Jews. Then in 1936-1939 and few field riot. The United Kingdom in 1939 has issued a white paper, limit the number of Jewish settlers to 75,000 and Jews to purchase land. This white paper by many Jews and Zionism are considered a betrayal of the Jews, and that it is contrary to the Belfort Declaration. Arabs also has not calmed down, they want to completely stop the Jewish immigrants. In 1933, the Nazis to power in Germany, the fifth wave of return of the Jews. In 1940, the Jews account for residents of 30% of the total. Later, in the Jewish Holocaust in Europe to further promote the return of the Jews. Between 1944 and 1948, the more 20 million Jews come in a variety of ways toTo the Palestinian areas. The end of the second world war, the Palestinian areas already have 60 million Jewish residents. Established in 1947, in view of the fact that between Jews and Arabs escalation of violent conflict, frustration, the peace efforts of the United Kingdom Government has decided to get away from Palestine managed. The number of Jewish settlers since the late 19th century has been a steady growth, the Jewish Holocaust during World War II, the idea of Jewish origin also get more and more international support. The United Nations has established the "Special Committee" of Palestine, 1947, the United Nations General Assembly voted the 1947 UN partition plan, 33 countries favour (including the United States and Soviet Union), 13 countries against, 10 abstentions, a resolution: the Palestinian areas are divided into two States, Jews and Arabs are owned approximately 55% and 45% of the territory, Jerusalem is placed under the management of the United Nations, in order to avoid conflicts. 29 November 1947, the United Nations, through the partition scheme of the day, David �� this ancient science an accept-the programme, but was rebuffed by the League of Arab States. The League Committee senior ordered Israel's Jewish civilians for three days of violent attacks, attacks architecture, shops, and residential areas, followed the Jewish organizations of the underground militia forces launched a counter-attack, these fighting soon spread to major conflicts, which resulted in 1948 Israel war of independence. May 14, 1948, in the United Kingdom hosted a day before the end of midnight, Israel countries officially proclaimed. In 1949, Jan 25, national elections, 85% of eligible voters participated in the vote, then there are 120 seats in the first session of the parliamentary meeting. The two have built the national leadership of Israel who became the country's leaders, leaders of the Jewish Agency �� David Ben-Gurion was elected as the first Prime Minister; the World Zionist organization leaders Haim �� Wei Bozeman by Parliament elected the first President. 1949, 11 may, Israel, the United Nations has become part of the seats 59 Member States. The 1948 war of independence and, after the founding of Israel in Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Syria, and Lebanon to declare war on Israel, started in 1948 Israel war of independence. North of Syria, Lebanon and Iraq troops are in close proximity to the border areas was stopped down, from the East of Jordan armed forces are under attack, and East Jerusalem to launch attacks in the West of the city. However, the Jewish militia forces succeeded in blocking the Jordan armed forces, and the Organization of national army ground forces (Irgun) also to prevent the army from the South of Egypt. From June onwards, the United Nations declared that a one-month ceasefire order during this period in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) was founded. In a few months after the battle, both sides agreed in 1949 a cease-fire and a clear distinction between temporary boundary, that line is called the "green line" (GreenLine). Israel in the Jordan River in the West access to additional fields of jurisdiction of 23.5%, Jordan is a mountain in southern Israel occupied zone and Maria, then there is known as the West Bank. Egypt in the coastal areas occupy a small piece of land, later known as the Gaza Strip. A lot of Arab population fled the new Jewish State, the exile of the Palestinian people will this is called a "major disaster" (a lo na ka bo a), the estimated 400,000 to 900,000 Palestinian refugees in exile, the United Nations estimated 711,000. Israel and the Arab countries between unresolved conflicts, as well as Palestinian refugees have continued to the present. In the wake of the 1948 war, West Bank and Gaza by Israel's Jewish population began to withdraw, a large number of Jews from Arab countries of Israel's population of refugees has risen by two times. In the next few years nearly 850,000 Joseph method at the end of the Jews from Arab countries had fled or were expelled, including about 600,000 migrated to Israel, others immigration to Europe and the United States. In the 1950s and 1960s in 1954 to 1955, served as Prime Minister of Israel with Moses �� Charles Ritter (MosheSharett) tried to bomb the attempted outbreak of Egypt scandal caused by Israel's political shame. Egypt in 1956 had nationalization of the Suez Canal, the United Kingdom and France on this discontent. Israel was a series of Arab militia forces attacked on the ground floor, the secret Alliance with Britain and France, and the Declaration of war against Egypt. In the Suez Canal crisis, three countries have been condemned by the United Nations, Israel was forced to withdraw from the Sinai Peninsula. In 1955, David �� ancient mechanism on the-once again become the Prime Minister of Israel, and has served to quit in 1963. In the ancient mechanism on resignation of column dimension �� Eich Cole (Levi Eshkol) a successor by the Prime Minister. In 1961, the Nazi war criminals, is also one of the masterminds behind the massacre of European Jewry by Adolf �� aichmann in Buenos Aires Argentina was Israel's Mossad (Mossad) members intelligence stem and arrest was sent back to Israel for trial. Aichmann become Israel's history only by courts of death of the offender. In the political arena, Israel and the Arab countries in 1967, the strained again. Syria, Jordan, and Egypt revealed intentions of war, Egypt and expelled in Gaza in United Nations peacekeeping forces. Egypt in violation of the Treaty, before pausing and blocked Israel strategic locations along the blue channel of downed in Israel border deployment of a large number of combat vehicles and aircraft, Israel and Egypt, on the grounds of provocation to 5 June on Egypt expands pre-emptive offensives. Ancient city ' grams in this field 6 war, Israel defeated the army of all Arab neighbours and in the air battle for total victory. Israel captured the whole at the West Bank, Gaza Strip, Sinai Peninsula and Golan Heights, the 1949 green line is delineated into Israel jurisdiction of domestic territory and occupation of the regional administrative boundaries. Later in the peace agreements signed aDiscussion, Israel will give back the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt. In the war Israel air force bombing a US military intelligence ship free number (USSLiberty), resulting in 34 US military deaths. United States and Israel's investigation concluded that the accident is due to the free number identification difficulties caused by the accidental click event. In 1969, Israel's first female Prime Minister, Madame Merle was elected. 70 's 1968 to 1972 this period is known as the consumption of war (the War ofAttrition), Israel and Syria, Egypt border outbreak among many small-scale frequently. In addition, in the early 1970s, Palestinian armed forces on Israel and the Jewish States launched the unprecedented terrorist attacks in the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich tragedy erupted, Palestinian armed militia members of the delegation of Israel hostage as hostages, last of all the hostages were killed. Israel to expand a retaliatory action of "God's wrath" (OperationWrath of God), by a group of Israel Mossad Intelligence Agency of cowering in the world and went on to those planning the GSG behind the murderer. Finally, in 1973, October 6, positive Jewish traditional day of Atonement, Egypt and Syria on Israel launched a surprise attack. Although Arab countries early success in the war against the poorly prepared Israel Army, but due to Israel's powerful foreign aid relies on the United States, as well as satellite technology, Egypt and Syria eventually repelled by Israel. Post-war years the situation of relatively calm, Israel and Egypt was finally able to reach a peace agreement. In 1974, Yitzhak Rabin inheritance �� Merle became the fifth Prime. 1977 congressional elections become Israel's political history of major turning point, from 1948 to Israel has been dominating the political Union of the Labour Party (h a r m ch) was Menachem �� Bay to Beijing-led coalition party defeated, the elections in Israel also referred to as a "revolution". Then, in November of that year, Egypt's President Sadat unprecedented visited Israel, in Israel, Congress presentations, this is Israel for the first time since the founding of the PRC for ALA countries national recognition. Israel Army Reserve Officer also formed peace movement to support the introduction and. In Sadat visit later, two countries to conduct peace negotiations finally signed the Camp David. In March 1979, bei Jing and sand DART in the United States, Washington, d.c., to reach Israel-Egypt peace treaty. With the signing of the Treaty, Israel to withdraw from the Sinai Peninsula, and withdrawal from the start since the 1970s where the establishment of immigration area. Israel agreed to by the 1949 green line delineated by the Palestinian access to autonomy. 1980s in 1981 on 7 June, Israel Air Force bombed Iraq in OCILLA grams (Osirak) nuclear reactor, prevented the Iraq nuclear weapons, this task is also called Babylon. In 1982, Israel on Lebanon launched an offensive, involved since 1975 has been carried out in the civil war in Lebanon. Israel's war justified to protect Israel's colonial district in the North, the then colonies are often terrorist attacks from Lebanon. In the establishment of a 40 km/h barrier area, Israel Defense forces continue to move forward, even tapping the capital Beirut. Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization, the army will be evicted from the Lebanon, forcing the PLO transfer base to Tunisia. Because you cannot bear the pressure of war, Prime Minister Blair to Beijing in 1983 to resign by Yitzhak Shamir �� (YitzhakShamir) succession. Israel finally pulled out in 1986, mostly in Lebanon's army, the boundary of a buffer zone has been maintained until 2000 Israel for unilateral withdrawal. In the 1980s, originally by Yitzhak �� Shamir-led Government was left in the anti-rightist Simon �� P��rez. Perez from 1984, as Prime Minister, but in 1986 was replaced Shamir, Shamir reached a political Union of the agreement. In 1987, the outbreak of the Palestinian uprising sparked a series of occupied area in the riots after the riots, Shamir again in 1988, re-elected Prime Minister positions in the election. The 1990s in the Persian Gulf war, while Israel is against one of the Union State of Iraq, no actual participation in the Iraq war, Israel has been fired Scud missiles hit 39. Missile did not direct any citizens of Israel killed, but some people because of incorrect use of gas masks and death of preparation, in addition to that a person subjected to the Patriot missile Israel shrapnel and life. In war, Israel has also provided in the West Bank and Gaza Palestinians gas masks to prevent them from Iraq's biological weapons attack. Nevertheless, the PLO still expressed support for the Saddam regime, some Palestinian residents even stand on the roof for incoming Scud missile cheers, although they still use a gas mask provided by Israel. In the early 1990s, the Soviet Union, a large number of Jews began to immigrate to Israel, according to Israel's regression, these people arrived in Israel will be able to get Israel to citizenship. About 380,000 in 1990-1991, arrived in Israel. Although Israel is quite popular initial support regression, new immigrants, many of the problems caused by labour party as Battle rage, criticized the ruling coalition party did not meet their work and housing issues. Results in the 1992 elections, new immigrants are a large number of voting to the Labour Party, left again. 1994��wbr>������������wbr>��˹������wbr>ͬ��wbr>�� Flat award after the elections, Yitzhak Rabin became �� Prime Minister. In the election the labour party promised will greatly improve Israel's internal security and the relationship with the Arab countries. To the end of 1993, Israel Government abandoned the 1991 Madrid Protocol framework, and the PLO signed the Oslo agreements (OsloAccords). In 1994, Jordan become Egypt after second commitment with Israel's Arab countries of peaceful coexistence. [3] originally Israel public broad support for the Oslo agreement, but in the agreement is signed by Israel continues after Hammars frequent attacks by armed groups, agreements were also started a lot of support. In 1995, 4 November, Rabin was an extreme nationalist assassination of Israel. As a result of Rabin's assassination, public perception of the Oslo agreements also slightly improved, greatly improves the support of Simon �� Perez, he won the general elections of 1996. However, the new wave of suicide bomb attack on Arafat's statement praising the bomb ', making the torsion of public opinion, and again in 1996, lose to a joint party �� Walter Benjamin Netanyahu. Although Netanyahu is considered to be firm against the Oslo agreement, he still decided from Hebron (Hebron) withdrawal, and signed the Wye memorandum (Wye RiverMemorandum), gave the Palestinian national authority greater autonomy. , Netanyahu during Palestinian groups on Israel's attacks on civilians is reduced, however his coalition Government continued to collapse in 1999. In 1999 the labour party in the election of Ehud Barak to substantial votes �� gap beat Netanyahu and successor to the Prime Minister.